翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Glutarimide ・ Glutaronitrile ・ Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase ・ Glutaryl-CoA ・ Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase ・ Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (non-decarboxylating) ・ Glutathione ・ Glutathione amide reductase ・ Glutathione amide-dependent peroxidase ・ Glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate) ・ Glutathione disulfide ・ Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase ・ Glutathione hydrolase ・ Glutathione oxidase ・ Glutathione peroxidase ・ Glutathione reductase ・ Glutathione S-transferase ・ Glutathione S-transferase A1 ・ Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 ・ Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain ・ Glutathione synthase ・ Glutathione synthetase ・ Glutathione synthetase deficiency ・ Glutathione thiolesterase ・ Glutathione-ascorbate cycle ・ Glutathione—CoA-glutathione transhydrogenase ・ Glutathione—cystine transhydrogenase ・ Glutathione—homocystine transhydrogenase ・ Glutathionuria ・ Glutathionylspermidine amidase Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Glutathione reductase ： ウィキペディア英語版 Glutathione reductase Glutathione reductase (GR) also known as glutathione-disulfide reductase (GSR) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSR gene. Glutathione reductase (EC 1.8.1.7) catalyzes the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form glutathione (GSH), which is a critical molecule in resisting oxidative stress and maintaining the reducing environment of the cell.〔 Glutathione reductase functions as dimeric disulfide oxidoreductase and utilizes an FAD prosthetic group and NADPH to reduce one molar equivalent of GSSG to two molar equivalents of GSH: The glutathione reductase is conserved between all kingdoms. In bacteria, yeasts, and animals, one glutathione reductase gene is found; however, in plant genomes, two GR genes are encoded. Drosophila and Trypanosomes do not have any GR at all. In these organisms, glutathione reduction is performed by either the thioredoxin or the trypanothione system, respectively.〔 == Function == Glutathione plays a key role in maintaining proper function and preventing oxidative stress in human cells. It can act as a scavenger for hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, and various electrophiles. Reduced glutathione reduces the oxidized form of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which in turn reduces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a dangerously reactive species within the cell. In addition, it plays a key role in the metabolism and clearance of xenobiotics, acts as a cofactor in certain detoxifying enzymes, participates in transport, and regenerates antioxidants such and Vitamins E and C to their reactive forms. The ratio of GSSH/GSH present in the cell is a key factor in properly maintaining the oxidative balance of the cell, that is, it is critical that the cell maintains high levels of the reduced glutathione and a low level of the oxidized Glutathione disulfide. This narrow balance is maintained by glutathione reductase, which catalyzes the reduction of GSSG to GSH. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glutathione reductase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.